Definition:
A traditional term for the use or study of the English language by non-native speakers in countries
where English is generally not a local medium of communication.
English as a Foreign Language (EFL) corresponds roughly to the Expanding Circle described by linguist Braj Kachru in
"Standards, Codification and Sociolinguistic Realism: The English Language
in the Outer Circle" (1985).
"Although ESL (English as Second Language) and EFL (English as Foreign Language) are often used
interchangeably, there are unique differences between the two. . . .
"ESL countries are nations where the
medium of instruction in education and government is in English, although
English may not be the native language.
"On the other hand, EFL countries do not
use English as a medium of instruction but English is taught in schools.
Malaysia was once considered an ESL country but now leans more towards EFL.
"The methods and approaches of teaching
English as a second language and foreign language do differ greatly."
(Christopher Fernandez, "Of English Teachers Then and Now." The Star [Malaysia], November 11, 2012)
(Christopher Fernandez, "Of English Teachers Then and Now." The Star [Malaysia], November 11, 2012)
"The distinction between second language
and foreign language is not, however, a sharp one, and
there are cases, like Indonesia, where classification is disputable. Moreover,
there is a considerable amount of variation in the roles played by second
languages, for example in education, in the fields of discourse used, and in
the giving of prestige or power. In India, the medium of instruction in schools
was changed from English to the regional languages after Independence, and
subsequently there has been a gradual process of Indianization of the
universities, which at one time were all English-medium."
(Charles Barber, The English Language: A Historical Introduction. Cambridge Univ. Press, 2000)
(Charles Barber, The English Language: A Historical Introduction. Cambridge Univ. Press, 2000)
"Indonesia, a former Dutch colony, used
to emphasize the teaching of Dutch . . .. The movement towardsEnglish as a foreign language began at
independence, and English is now the main foreign language being learned in
Indonesia. English is taught for eight or nine years from primary school (from
Grade 4 or 5) through high school (Renandya, 2000). The main objective is to
provide reading skills to enable Indonesians to read science-related materials
in English."
(Maria Lourdes S. Bautista and Andrew B. Gonzalez, "Southeast Asian Englishes." The Handbook of World Englishes, ed. by Braj B. Kachru, Yamuna Kachru, and Cecil L. Nelson. Blackwell, 2006)
(Maria Lourdes S. Bautista and Andrew B. Gonzalez, "Southeast Asian Englishes." The Handbook of World Englishes, ed. by Braj B. Kachru, Yamuna Kachru, and Cecil L. Nelson. Blackwell, 2006)
source : http://grammar.about.com/od/e/g/English-As-A-Foreign-Language-Efl.htm
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